ww/lib/crypto/sha256/sha256.ww

// crypto/sha256 — SHA-256 (FIPS 180-4) over the hash::hash interface.
// Port of ref/hare/crypto/sha256/sha256.ha. The digest is computed
// 64-byte block at a time; partial writes buffer in `x` until a full
// block accumulates, and [[sum]] appends the 0x80/zero/bit-length
// padding before reading out the eight state words big-endian.
//
// u32 WRAPPING. SHA-256 is defined over 32-bit modular arithmetic. ww's
// `uint` is a 64-bit machine word, so this module uses `u32` throughout
// (matching Hare) and relies on cgen truncating u32 add/shift/rotate to
// 32 bits. The NIST vectors in sha256_test.ww are the oracle: a digest
// mismatch would mean cgen promoted a u32 op to 64-bit without wrapping
// (a cgen bug to STOP+report, NOT to mask here).
//
// DIVERGENCES from sha256.ha (all semantics-preserving spellings):
//   - `state` embeds [[hash.hash]], whose first field is an inline
//     io.vtable (not Hare's `stream: io::stream` pointer); see
//     lib/hash/hash.ww. The vtable slots are wired post-construction in
//     [[sha256]] rather than pointing at a module-level const vtable
//     (the base64/memio/io convention; ww has no const-vtable-of-fn-ptrs
//     idiom).
//   - slice-to-slice copy assignment (`h.x[a..b] = b[..n]`) is spelled
//     as a byte loop — ww has no slice-copy assignment (cf lib/memio's
//     flat-field note). Same observable effect.
//   - close() zeros the `h` state words with a loop instead of Hare's
//     `(s.h[..]: *[*]u8)[..len*size(u32)]` reinterpret + bytes::zero —
//     ww avoids the `*[*]u8` cast; bytes.zero still clears `x`.
//   - the eight beputu32 digest writes are a loop (stride routed through
//     size(u32) per CLAUDE.md rule 13) rather than Hare's unrolled 8.
package sha256;

import bytes;
import crypto.math;
import endian;
import hash;
import io;
import os;

// ref/hare/crypto/sha256/sha256.ha:11.
export def SZ: size = 32;

// ref/hare/crypto/sha256/sha256.ha:14.
export def BLOCKSZ: size = 64;

// ref/hare/crypto/sha256/sha256.ha:17-24. u32 suffixes: these scalar
// defs don't ride #251 array-element narrowing, and four exceed 2^31.
def init0: u32 = 0x6A09E667u32;
def init1: u32 = 0xBB67AE85u32;
def init2: u32 = 0x3C6EF372u32;
def init3: u32 = 0xA54FF53Au32;
def init4: u32 = 0x510E527Fu32;
def init5: u32 = 0x9B05688Cu32;
def init6: u32 = 0x1F83D9ABu32;
def init7: u32 = 0x5BE0CD19u32;

// ref/hare/crypto/sha256/sha256.ha:26-38. The round constants (first 32
// bits of the fractional parts of the cube roots of the first 64
// primes). Bare hex literals narrow to u32 via #251 array-element
// narrowing (same as base64's decmap).
def k: [64]u32 = [
	0x428a2f98, 0x71374491, 0xb5c0fbcf, 0xe9b5dba5, 0x3956c25b, 0x59f111f1,
	0x923f82a4, 0xab1c5ed5, 0xd807aa98, 0x12835b01, 0x243185be, 0x550c7dc3,
	0x72be5d74, 0x80deb1fe, 0x9bdc06a7, 0xc19bf174, 0xe49b69c1, 0xefbe4786,
	0x0fc19dc6, 0x240ca1cc, 0x2de92c6f, 0x4a7484aa, 0x5cb0a9dc, 0x76f988da,
	0x983e5152, 0xa831c66d, 0xb00327c8, 0xbf597fc7, 0xc6e00bf3, 0xd5a79147,
	0x06ca6351, 0x14292967, 0x27b70a85, 0x2e1b2138, 0x4d2c6dfc, 0x53380d13,
	0x650a7354, 0x766a0abb, 0x81c2c92e, 0x92722c85, 0xa2bfe8a1, 0xa81a664b,
	0xc24b8b70, 0xc76c51a3, 0xd192e819, 0xd6990624, 0xf40e3585, 0x106aa070,
	0x19a4c116, 0x1e376c08, 0x2748774c, 0x34b0bcb5, 0x391c0cb3, 0x4ed8aa4a,
	0x5b9cca4f, 0x682e6ff3, 0x748f82ee, 0x78a5636f, 0x84c87814, 0x8cc70208,
	0x90befffa, 0xa4506ceb, 0xbef9a3f7, 0xc67178f2,
];

// ref/hare/crypto/sha256/sha256.ha:40-46. Embeds [[hash.hash]] (whose
// first field is the inline vtable) so `&st` casts to `*hash.hash` and
// `&st.vt` to `io.stream`. `h` = the eight running state words, `x` =
// the partial-block buffer, `nx` = bytes buffered in `x`, `ln` = total
// bytes written.
export type state = struct {
	hash.hash,
	h:  [8]u32,
	x:  [64]u8,	// BLOCKSZ; array dims require an integer literal
	nx: size,
	ln: size,
};

// sha256 — construct a SHA-256 hash. ref/hare/crypto/sha256/sha256.ha:58-69.
// Wires the vtable + interface fn-ptr slots inline (base64/memio
// convention) then resets to the initial state. Returned BY VALUE; the
// caller passes `&st` (as `*hash.hash`) to the hash dispatchers.
export fn sha256() state = {
	let sha: state;
	sha.vt.writer = (&writefn):  *io.writer;
	sha.vt.closer = (&closefn):  *io.closer;
	sha.sum       = (&sumfn):    *fn(h: *hash.hash, buf: []u8) void;
	sha.reset     = (&resetfn):  *fn(h: *hash.hash) void;
	sha.sz        = SZ;
	sha.bsz       = BLOCKSZ;
	hash.reset((&sha): *hash.hash);
	return sha;
};

// ref/hare/crypto/sha256/sha256.ha:71-83.
fn resetfn(h: *hash.hash) void = {
	let st: *state = h: *state;
	st.h[0] = init0;
	st.h[1] = init1;
	st.h[2] = init2;
	st.h[3] = init3;
	st.h[4] = init4;
	st.h[5] = init5;
	st.h[6] = init6;
	st.h[7] = init7;
	st.nx = 0: size;
	st.ln = 0: size;
};

// writefn — the io.writer slot. ref/hare/crypto/sha256/sha256.ha:85-113.
// Buffers a partial block in `x`, processes every whole block inline,
// and stashes the trailing remainder. Returns the input byte count
// (never errors). Slice copies are byte loops (header divergence).
fn writefn(s: io.stream, buf: []u8) (size | io.error) = {
	let st: *state = s: *state;
	let b: []u8 = buf;
	let total: size = b.len: size;
	st.ln += total;
	let bs: i32 = BLOCKSZ: i32;

	if (st.nx > 0: size) {
		let avail: size = BLOCKSZ - st.nx;
		let take: size = avail;
		if ((b.len: size) <= avail) { take = b.len: size; };
		let base: i32 = st.nx: i32;
		let ti: i32 = take: i32;
		let i: i32 = 0;
		for (i < ti) {
			st.x[base + i] = b[i];
			i += 1;
		};
		st.nx += take;
		if (st.nx == BLOCKSZ) {
			block(st, st.x[0:bs]);
			st.nx = 0: size;
		};
		b = b[ti:b.len];
	};

	if ((b.len: size) >= BLOCKSZ) {
		let mask: i32 = bs - 1;
		let nfull: i32 = b.len & ~mask;
		block(st, b[0:nfull]);
		b = b[nfull:b.len];
	};

	if (b.len > 0) {
		let i: i32 = 0;
		for (i < b.len) {
			st.x[i] = b[i];
			i += 1;
		};
		st.nx = b.len: size;
	};
	return total;
};

// sumfn — finalize and emit the digest. ref/hare/crypto/sha256/sha256.ha:115-143.
//
// Re-entrant per Hare: snapshot the state (`let copy = *h; let h = &copy;`)
// and pad+finalize the COPY, so the live hash is untouched and the caller
// can keep writing or sum() again. The deref-copy of this array-containing
// struct was blocked by a cgen bug (#265) — fold-1 (master 4d3f846) landed
// the full-size aggregate copy for deref-rhs let-init, unblocking it. The
// close() at the end wipes the copy (Hare's `defer hash::close(h)`), not
// the live state.
fn sumfn(h: *hash.hash, buf: []u8) void = {
	let live: *state = h: *state;
	let copy: state = *live;
	let st: *state = (&copy);

	let ln: size = st.ln;
	let tmp: [64]u8 = [0...];
	tmp[0] = 0x80u8;

	// Pad so the message + 0x80 + zeros ends 8 bytes (the bit-length
	// field) shy of a block boundary.
	let lenbytes: size = size(u64);
	let thresh: size = BLOCKSZ - lenbytes;
	let m: size = ln % BLOCKSZ;
	let pad: size = thresh - m;
	if (m >= thresh) { pad = (BLOCKSZ + thresh) - m; };
	let padn: i32 = pad: i32;
	match (writefn(&st.vt, tmp[0:padn])) {
	case let z: size => void;
	case let e: io.error => abort("sha256.sum: pad write errored");
	};

	ln <<= 3;	// bytes -> bits
	endian.beputu64(tmp[0:8], ln: u64);
	let lb: i32 = lenbytes: i32;
	match (writefn(&st.vt, tmp[0:lb])) {
	case let z: size => void;
	case let e: io.error => abort("sha256.sum: length write errored");
	};

	os.assert(st.nx == 0: size, "sha256.sum: residual partial block");

	let stride: i32 = size(u32): i32;
	let i: i32 = 0;
	for (i < 8) {
		let off: i32 = i * stride;
		endian.beputu32(buf[off:off + stride], st.h[i]);
		i += 1;
	};

	hash.close((&copy): *hash.hash);
};

// block — process every whole 64-byte block in `buf`.
// ref/hare/crypto/sha256/sha256.ha:146-213. Param renamed `st` (Hare's
// `h`) so the 8th compression working var can stay `hh` without
// shadowing the state pointer.
fn block(st: *state, buf: []u8) void = {
	let w: [64]u32 = [0...];
	let h0: u32 = st.h[0];
	let h1: u32 = st.h[1];
	let h2: u32 = st.h[2];
	let h3: u32 = st.h[3];
	let h4: u32 = st.h[4];
	let h5: u32 = st.h[5];
	let h6: u32 = st.h[6];
	let h7: u32 = st.h[7];
	let bs: i32 = BLOCKSZ: i32;
	let b: []u8 = buf;

	for (b.len >= bs) {
		let i: i32 = 0;
		for (i < 16) {
			let j: i32 = i * 4;
			w[i] = ((b[j]: u32) << 24u32)
				| ((b[j + 1]: u32) << 16u32)
				| ((b[j + 2]: u32) << 8u32)
				| (b[j + 3]: u32);
			i += 1;
		};

		i = 16;
		for (i < 64) {
			let v1: u32 = w[i - 2];
			let t1: u32 = math.rotr32(v1, 17)
				^ math.rotr32(v1, 19)
				^ (v1 >> 10u32);
			let v2: u32 = w[i - 15];
			let t2: u32 = math.rotr32(v2, 7)
				^ math.rotr32(v2, 18)
				^ (v2 >> 3u32);
			w[i] = t1 + w[i - 7] + t2 + w[i - 16];
			i += 1;
		};

		let a: u32 = h0;
		let bb: u32 = h1;
		let c: u32 = h2;
		let d: u32 = h3;
		let e: u32 = h4;
		let f: u32 = h5;
		let g: u32 = h6;
		let hh: u32 = h7;
		i = 0;
		for (i < 64) {
			let t1: u32 = hh
				+ (math.rotr32(e, 6)
					^ math.rotr32(e, 11)
					^ math.rotr32(e, 25))
				+ ((e & f) ^ (~e & g)) + k[i] + w[i];
			let t2: u32 = (math.rotr32(a, 2)
					^ math.rotr32(a, 13)
					^ math.rotr32(a, 22))
				+ ((a & bb) ^ (a & c) ^ (bb & c));
			hh = g;
			g = f;
			f = e;
			e = d + t1;
			d = c;
			c = bb;
			bb = a;
			a = t1 + t2;
			i += 1;
		};

		h0 += a;
		h1 += bb;
		h2 += c;
		h3 += d;
		h4 += e;
		h5 += f;
		h6 += g;
		h7 += hh;

		b = b[bs:b.len];
	};

	st.h[0] = h0;
	st.h[1] = h1;
	st.h[2] = h2;
	st.h[3] = h3;
	st.h[4] = h4;
	st.h[5] = h5;
	st.h[6] = h6;
	st.h[7] = h7;
};

// closefn — wipe sensitive state. ref/hare/crypto/sha256/sha256.ha:215-219.
// h zeroed via a loop (header divergence); x via bytes.zero array-decay.
fn closefn(s: io.stream) (void | io.error) = {
	let st: *state = s: *state;
	let i: i32 = 0;
	for (i < 8) {
		st.h[i] = 0u32;
		i += 1;
	};
	bytes.zero(st.x);
	return void;
};