Files
ww/lib/regex/regex.ww
Hojun-Cho 3ae24c22b8 lib/regex: #123 POSIX character classes [:class:] — charclass_map + compile/exec arms
12-entry charclass_map (str, *fn(rune) bool) + bracket [:class:] recognition
(compile) + charset_class_item predicate dispatch (exec), porting
ref/hare/regex/regex.ha:74-87/190-204/726-733. Table-driven tests cover all 12
classes (±), negation, composition, and the "No character class after '[:'"
error path.

cstage-only (C-first per the speed pivot); wwstage byte-id twin owed in the
batch-converge phase.
2026-06-07 03:10:55 +09:00

1421 lines
48 KiB
Plaintext

// regex — POSIX extended regular expressions. Port of
// ref/hare/regex/regex.ha. Fold 1 = the data model; fold 2a = the
// compile() literal core (lit/any/match + the leading skip); fold 2b
// tranche A = the thread-machine scaffolding (thread/newmatch types,
// result_free, strerror); fold 2b tranche B = the engine
// (delete_thread/is_consuming_inst/add_thread/run_thread); fold 2b
// tranche C = search, the first end-to-end match; fold 2b tranche D
// = the exec surface (test/find — the D13 explicit-match spelling of
// Hare's multi-success `?`, ww-core #14); fold 2c =
// findall/result_freeall over the memio seeker; fold 3 = anchors
// `^`/`$`, the `\` escape, postfix `?`/`*`/`+`, alternation `|`
// (jump_idxs state + find_last_groupstart/shift + the insert()
// builtin) and the run_thread split/jump arms; fold 4 = bracket
// expressions `[..]` (handle_bracket + the run_thread charset arm);
// fold 5a = capture groups `(`/`)` (compile arms + run_thread
// groupstart/groupend + the add_thread capture dup + the search
// capture spread); fold 5b = repetition `{m,n}` (parse_repetition +
// the `{` arm + the run_thread inst_repeat arm + the search
// rep_counters prefill); fold 6 = POSIX character classes
// `[[:class:]]` (charclass_map + compile/exec arms). Remaining:
// replace. It lands with its fold.
package regex;
import ascii;
import bufio;
import io;
import memio;
import strconv;
import strings;
import types;
import encoding.utf8;
// ref/hare/regex/regex.ha:14 — an error string describing a compilation
// error.
export type error = !str;
// ref/hare/regex/regex.ha:16-30.
export type inst_lit = rune;
export type inst_charset = struct { idx: size, is_positive: bool };
export type inst_any = void;
export type inst_split = size;
export type inst_jump = size;
export type inst_skip = void;
export type inst_match = bool;
export type inst_groupstart = size;
export type inst_groupend = void;
export type inst_repeat = struct {
id: size,
origin: size,
min: (void | size),
max: (void | size),
};
// ref/hare/regex/regex.ha:32-35.
export type inst = (inst_lit | inst_any | inst_split | inst_jump |
inst_skip | inst_match | inst_charset |
inst_groupstart | inst_groupend |
inst_repeat);
// The resulting match of a [[regex]] applied to a string.
//
// The first [[capture]] corresponds to the implicit zeroth capture
// group, i.e. the whole expression.
//
// The rest of the [[capture]]s correspond to the rest of the capture
// groups, i.e. the sub-expressions.
// ref/hare/regex/regex.ha:44.
export type result = []capture;
// A (sub)match corresponding to a regular expression's capture group.
// ref/hare/regex/regex.ha:47-53.
export type capture = struct {
content: str,
start: size,
start_bytesize: size,
end: size,
end_bytesize: size,
};
// ref/hare/regex/regex.ha:55-64.
type thread = struct {
pc: size,
start_idx: size,
start_bytesize: size,
root_capture: capture,
captures: []capture,
rep_counters: []size,
matched: bool,
failed: bool,
};
// Discriminates a fresh match from plain void at run_thread's return
// boundary. ref/hare/regex/regex.ha:66.
type newmatch = void;
// ref/hare/regex/regex.ha:68-72. Declaration ORDER diverges from Hare
// (which declares charset first): a cstage type-table bug leaves a
// tagged alias whose member types are forward-declared with a
// degenerate 8-byte tinfo — silent payload truncation (filed, ww-core
// #69; wwstage resolves the forward refs correctly). Members first
// until #69 lands.
export type charset_lit_item = rune;
export type charset_range_item = (u32, u32);
export type charset_class_item = (str, *fn(c: rune) bool);
export type charset = [](charset_lit_item | charset_range_item |
charset_class_item);
// ref/hare/regex/regex.ha:74-87 — POSIX class token → ascii predicate.
// Inline tuple type (not charset_class_item alias) matches the Hare
// decl form; #124 cgen closed the cross-module &fn-in-const gap.
const charclass_map: [](str, *fn(c: rune) bool) = [
(":alnum:]", &ascii.isalnum),
(":alpha:]", &ascii.isalpha),
(":blank:]", &ascii.isblank),
(":cntrl:]", &ascii.iscntrl),
(":digit:]", &ascii.isdigit),
(":graph:]", &ascii.isgraph),
(":lower:]", &ascii.islower),
(":print:]", &ascii.isprint),
(":punct:]", &ascii.ispunct),
(":space:]", &ascii.isspace),
(":upper:]", &ascii.isupper),
(":xdigit:]", &ascii.isxdigit),
];
// ref/hare/regex/regex.ha:89-93.
export type regex = struct {
insts: []inst,
charsets: []charset,
n_reps: size,
};
// Frees resources associated with a [[regex]].
//
// ref/hare/regex/regex.ha:96-102, verbatim. The free() builtin is a
// documented no-op (#27 landed): ww is a no-free runtime (rt/alloc.s:30
// — the bump allocator can't reclaim, process-exit does), so each free
// below evaluates its operand and reclaims nothing. Kept verbatim for
// API + source parity with the Hare surface.
export fn finish(re: *regex) void = {
free(re.insts);
for (let charset .. re.charsets) {
free(charset);
};
free(re.charsets);
};
// ref/hare/regex/regex.ha:104-119, verbatim. The '|' arm consumes the
// error arm as origin = 0 (whole-expression alternation); the postfix
// `?`/`*`/`+` groupend arms propagate it. Match-on-indexed scrutinee
// binds through a typed let (the run_thread spelling).
fn find_last_groupstart(insts: []inst) (size | error) = {
let nested: uint = 0;
for (let i: size = (len(insts): size); i > 0; i -= 1) {
let cur: inst = insts[i - 1];
match (cur) {
case inst_groupstart => {
if (nested == 0) {
return i - 1;
};
nested -= 1;
};
case inst_groupend => { nested += 1; };
case => void;
};
};
return "Unmatched ')'": error;
};
// Increments all inst_jump and inst_split instructions to account
// for a newly inserted instruction before the given slice.
//
// ref/hare/regex/regex.ha:123-133. Hare's by-ref `&..` range has no
// ww spelling (D9, the add_thread/search precedent) — index loop;
// the write-through is a tagged element store via index (PE3), and
// the sub-slice arg at the call sites (`shift(insts[k:])`) is a
// borrowed VIEW, so the stores land in the caller's backing (PE4).
fn shift(sl: []inst) void = {
for (let i: size = 0; i < (len(sl): size); i += 1) {
let cur: inst = sl[i];
match (cur) {
case let z: inst_jump =>
sl[i] = (((z: size) + 1): inst_jump);
case let z: inst_split =>
sl[i] = (((z: size) + 1): inst_split);
case => void;
};
};
};
// Handles a rune inside a bracket expression, mutating the in-flight
// charset / bracket state through the pointer params.
//
// ref/hare/regex/regex.ha:135-225. Hare's `append(charsets, [])?` /
// `append(...)?` nomem propagation drops as usual (#36, ww append
// returns void); the discarded `strings::next` advances (ha:214-215)
// bind to throwaway lets — a bare call statement of a tagged-returning
// fn is an unprobed shape.
fn handle_bracket(
insts: *[]inst,
r: rune,
r_idx: *size,
bracket_idx: *int,
iter: *strings.iterator,
charsets: *[]charset,
skip_charclass_rest: *bool,
is_charset_positive: *bool,
in_bracket: *bool,
) (void | error | nomem) = {
let peek1: (rune | utf8.done) = strings.next(iter);
let peek2: (rune | utf8.done) = strings.next(iter);
let peek3: (rune | utf8.done) = strings.next(iter);
if (!(peek1 is utf8.done)) {
strings.prev(iter);
};
if (!(peek2 is utf8.done)) {
strings.prev(iter);
};
if (!(peek3 is utf8.done)) {
strings.prev(iter);
};
if (*bracket_idx == -1) {
// Hare `append(charsets, [])?` (ha:160) — the empty slice
// literal spells through a bare typed let (#25/#31 ruling).
let empty: charset;
append(*charsets, empty);
};
*bracket_idx += 1;
if (*skip_charclass_rest) {
if (r == ']') {
*skip_charclass_rest = false;
};
*r_idx += 1;
return;
};
let is_range: bool = peek1 is rune && (peek1 as rune) == '-'
&& !(peek2 is utf8.done) && !(peek3 is utf8.done)
&& !((peek2 as rune) == ']');
let range_end: (rune | utf8.done) = peek2;
let is_first_char: bool = *bracket_idx == 0 || *bracket_idx == 1
&& !*is_charset_positive;
if (r == ']' && !is_first_char) { // regex.ha:179-187
let newinst: inst = inst_charset {
idx = (len(*charsets): size) - 1,
is_positive = *is_charset_positive,
};
append(*insts, newinst);
*in_bracket = false;
*bracket_idx = -1;
*is_charset_positive = true;
} else if (r == '^' && *bracket_idx == 0) { // regex.ha:188-189
*is_charset_positive = false;
} else if (r == '[' && !(peek1 is utf8.done)
&& (peek1 as rune) == ':') { // regex.ha:190-204
let rest: str = strings.iterstr(iter);
for (let cc_idx: size = 0;
cc_idx < (len(charclass_map): size);
cc_idx += 1) {
if (strings.hasprefix(rest, charclass_map[cc_idx].0)) {
let n: size = (len(*charsets): size);
append((*charsets)[n - 1],
(charclass_map[cc_idx]: charset_class_item));
*skip_charclass_rest = true;
break;
};
};
if (!*skip_charclass_rest) {
return "No character class after '[:'": error;
};
} else if (is_range) { // regex.ha:205-217
let start_b: u32 = (r: u32);
let end_b: u32 = ((range_end as rune): u32);
if (end_b < start_b) {
return "Descending bracket expression range '[z-a]'": error;
};
append((*charsets)[len(*charsets) - 1],
((start_b, end_b): charset_range_item));
let skip1: (rune | utf8.done) = strings.next(iter);
let skip2: (rune | utf8.done) = strings.next(iter);
*r_idx += 2;
} else { // regex.ha:218-221
append((*charsets)[len(*charsets) - 1],
(r: charset_lit_item));
};
*r_idx += 1;
return;
};
// Compiles a regular expression string into a [[regex]].
//
// ref/hare/regex/regex.ha:227-263 + the fold-3 arms: `\` escape
// (ha:286-293), anchors `^` (294-300) / `$` (301-312), alternation
// `|` (335-367) over the jump_idxs state (241-248 subset) +
// whole-expression fixup (470-473), postfix `?` (403-420) / `*`
// (421-443) / `+` (444-459) — the fold-4 bracket surface: the
// in_bracket dispatch (265-275), the `[` flip (313-314) and the
// handle_bracket state quad (249-252) — the fold-5a group arms:
// `(` (317-323), `)` (324-334), capture_idx (256) and the loop-exit
// `done` Unmatched-'(' check (277-282); the anchors' group_level
// arms and the postfix inst_groupend/groupstart arms went live with
// them — and the fold-5b repetition arm `{` (368-402) over
// parse_repetition + n_reps (255). Every metacharacter is ported;
// the only remaining loud surface is the POSIX class BODY inside
// handle_bracket.
//
// Hare's `defer if (!ok) free(...)` cleanup (ha:231-237) is omitted:
// ww has no `defer if` (cf lib/strings/strings.ww:85), and the free()
// builtin is a no-op anyway (#27 — ww is a no-free runtime), so the
// cleanup would reclaim nothing.
export fn compile(expr: str) (regex | error | nomem) = {
// Hare `let insts: []inst = [];` — a bare ww slice declaration
// zeroes the header (cgen.c:9836 no-rhs multi-word composite
// zero-fill, symmetric in cgenstmt.ww).
let insts: []inst;
let charsets: []charset;
let iter: strings.iterator = strings.iter(expr);
let r_idx: size = 0;
// jump_idxs tracks the pending alternation jumps per group level;
// the '(' arm grows it past level 0. Hare's `append(jump_idxs,
// [])` (ha:242) spells through a typed empty let (the #25/#31
// ruling; cf the inst_skip let below).
let jump_idxs: [][]size;
let lvl0: []size;
append(jump_idxs, lvl0);
// bracket-expression state (regex.ha:249-252).
let in_bracket: bool = false;
let skip_charclass_rest: bool = false;
let bracket_idx: int = -1;
let is_charset_positive: bool = true;
let was_prev_rune_pipe: bool = false;
let n_reps: size = 0;
let group_level: size = 0;
let capture_idx: size = 0;
for (true) {
let next: (rune | utf8.done) = strings.next(&iter);
if (r_idx == 0 && next is rune && (next as rune) != '^') {
// Bare append: ww append returns void; Hare's
// `append(...)?` nomem propagation is filed #36.
// Hare appends the bare type name (`inst_skip`) as
// the void-variant value; in ww that resolves as a
// symbol ref (cf the alloc(T) rule), so void
// variants go through a typed let.
let sk: inst_skip;
let v: inst = sk;
append(insts, v);
};
if (in_bracket) { // regex.ha:265-275
if (next is utf8.done) {
return "Unmatched '['": error;
};
// Hare propagates with `?` (ha:271-274); `?` into
// compile's >32B tagged return is loud-stopped (#38b)
// — the explicit D13 match, harec's own desugaring
// (ref/harec/src/check.c:2780), the fold-3
// find_last_groupstart-arm precedent. The continue
// skips the loop tail — handle_bracket owns r_idx
// inside a bracket (the #138-fixed shape).
match (handle_bracket(&insts, next as rune, &r_idx,
&bracket_idx, &iter, &charsets,
&skip_charclass_rest,
&is_charset_positive, &in_bracket)) {
case let e: error => return e;
case let n: nomem => return n;
case void => void;
};
continue;
};
let r: rune = match (next) {
case utf8.done => { // regex.ha:277-282
if (group_level > 0) {
return "Unmatched '('": error;
};
break;
};
case let x: rune => yield x;
};
switch (r) {
case '\\': { // regex.ha:286-293
let peek1: (rune | utf8.done) = strings.next(&iter);
if (peek1 is utf8.done) {
return "Trailing backslash '\\'": error;
};
append(insts, ((peek1 as rune): inst_lit));
r_idx += 1;
};
case '^': { // regex.ha:294-300
if (group_level > 0) {
return "Anchor '^' in capture groups is unsupported": error;
};
if (!(r_idx == 0 || was_prev_rune_pipe)) {
return "Anchor '^' not at start of whole pattern or alternation": error;
};
};
case '$': { // regex.ha:301-312
if (group_level > 0) {
return "Anchor '$' in capture groups is unsupported": error;
};
let peek1: (rune | utf8.done) = strings.next(&iter);
if (peek1 is rune) {
if ((peek1 as rune) != '|') {
return "Anchor '$' not at end of whole pattern or alternation": error;
};
strings.prev(&iter);
};
append(insts, (true: inst_match));
};
case '|': { // regex.ha:335-367
append(insts, (types.SIZE_MAX: inst_jump));
// origin = the instruction after the innermost
// groupstart, or 0 for whole-expression alternation
// (the error arm). Hare binds via a match EXPRESSION
// (ha:337-342); statement-match into a declared
// local, the search/scanrune precedent (#51).
let origin: size = 0;
match (find_last_groupstart(insts)) {
case let e: error => { origin = 0; };
case let sz: size => { origin = sz + 1; };
};
let newinst: inst = (((insts.len: size) + 1): inst_split);
// add split after last jump (if any) or at origin.
// Hare's if-EXPRESSION (ha:345-346) spells as a
// statement; the tail read is the PE2 double-index.
let split_idx: size = origin;
if (jump_idxs[group_level].len > 0) {
split_idx = jump_idxs[group_level][jump_idxs[group_level].len - 1] + 1;
};
insert(insts[split_idx], newinst);
shift(insts[split_idx + 1:]);
// our insertion of our split_idx should never
// interfere with an existing jump_idx; if this check
// ends up being hit in the future, it is a sign that
// jump_idx should be incremented. Hare asserts
// (ha:351-356); the assert builtin is wwstage-broken
// (ww-core #58) and the by-value range over an
// indexed element segfaults (ww-core #57) — if+abort
// over a D9-class index loop.
for (let k: size = 0; k < (jump_idxs[group_level].len: size); k += 1) {
if (!(jump_idxs[group_level][k] < split_idx)) {
abort("Found jump_idx interference. Please report this as a bug");
};
};
append(jump_idxs[group_level], (insts.len: size) - 1);
// add skip if it's a whole-expression alternation
if (origin == 0) {
let peek1: (rune | utf8.done) = strings.next(&iter);
if (peek1 is rune) {
if ((peek1 as rune) != '^') {
let sk: inst_skip;
let v: inst = sk;
append(insts, v);
};
strings.prev(&iter);
};
};
};
case '?': { // regex.ha:403-420
if (r_idx == 0 || insts.len == 0) {
return "Unused '?'": error;
};
let term_start_idx: size = (insts.len: size) - 1;
// Hare's multi-type arm `case (inst_lit |
// inst_charset | inst_any)` (ha:407) is loud-rejected
// by design BOTH stages (PE5; Hare-parity task
// ww-core #13) — three void arms. The scrutinee binds
// through a typed let (the run_thread spelling).
let cur: inst = insts[term_start_idx];
match (cur) {
case inst_lit => void;
case inst_charset => void;
case inst_any => void;
case inst_groupend => {
// Hare propagates with `?` (ha:410-411);
// `?` into compile's >32B tagged return is
// loud-stopped (#38b) — the explicit D13
// match, harec's own desugaring.
match (find_last_groupstart(
insts[0:term_start_idx])) {
case let e: error => return e;
case let sz: size => { term_start_idx = sz; };
};
};
case inst_groupstart =>
return "Unused '?'": error;
case =>
return "Misused '?'": error;
};
let after_idx: size = (insts.len: size) + 1;
insert(insts[term_start_idx], (after_idx: inst_split));
shift(insts[term_start_idx + 1:]);
};
case '*': { // regex.ha:421-443
if (r_idx == 0 || insts.len == 0) {
return "Unused '*'": error;
};
let new_inst_offset: size = 1;
let jump_idx: size = (insts.len: size) + new_inst_offset;
let after_idx: size = jump_idx + 1;
let term_start_idx: size = (insts.len: size) - 1;
let cur: inst = insts[term_start_idx];
match (cur) {
case inst_lit => void;
case inst_charset => void;
case inst_any => void;
case inst_groupend => {
// D13 match, cf '?'
match (find_last_groupstart(
insts[0:term_start_idx])) {
case let e: error => return e;
case let sz: size => { term_start_idx = sz; };
};
};
case inst_groupstart =>
return "Unused '*'": error;
case =>
return "Misused '*'": error;
};
let split_idx: size = term_start_idx;
term_start_idx += new_inst_offset;
insert(insts[split_idx], (after_idx: inst_split));
shift(insts[split_idx + 1:]);
append(insts, (split_idx: inst_jump));
};
case '+': { // regex.ha:444-459
if (r_idx == 0 || insts.len == 0) {
return "Unused '+'": error;
};
let term_start_idx: size = (insts.len: size) - 1;
let cur: inst = insts[term_start_idx];
match (cur) {
case inst_lit => void;
case inst_charset => void;
case inst_any => void;
case inst_groupend => {
// D13 match, cf '?'
match (find_last_groupstart(
insts[0:term_start_idx])) {
case let e: error => return e;
case let sz: size => { term_start_idx = sz; };
};
};
case inst_groupstart =>
return "Unused '+'": error;
case =>
return "Misused '+'": error;
};
append(insts, (term_start_idx: inst_split));
};
case '.': { // regex.ha:460-461
let av: inst_any;
let v: inst = av;
append(insts, v);
};
case '[': // regex.ha:313-314
in_bracket = true;
case ']': // regex.ha:315-316 — literal outside a bracket
append(insts, (r: inst_lit));
case '(': { // regex.ha:317-323
append(insts, (capture_idx: inst_groupstart));
group_level += 1;
capture_idx += 1;
// Hare grows with `append(jump_idxs, [])?`
// (ha:321-323); the empty-slice literal spells
// through a typed let (the #25/#31 ruling, cf the
// lvl0 prologue).
for ((jump_idxs.len: size) < group_level + 1) {
let lvl: []size;
append(jump_idxs, lvl);
};
};
case ')': { // regex.ha:324-334
if (group_level == 0) {
// VERBATIM duplicate of find_last_groupstart's
// text — Hare keeps two copies (ha:118/326).
return "Unmatched ')'": error;
};
// payload-less void variant through a typed let (the
// inst_skip spelling above).
let ge: inst_groupend;
let v: inst = ge;
append(insts, v);
// jump fixup (ha:329-332): by-value range over an
// INDEXED base is the #70-fixed shape; assert is the
// #58 builtin.
for (let jump_idx .. jump_idxs[group_level]) {
assert(insts[jump_idx] is inst_jump);
insts[jump_idx] =
(((insts.len: size) - 1): inst_jump);
};
delete(jump_idxs[group_level][:]);
group_level -= 1;
};
case '{': { // regex.ha:368-402
let origin: size = (insts.len: size) - 1;
if (insts[origin] is inst_groupend) {
// D13 match, cf '?' — `?` into compile's >32B
// tagged return is loud-stopped (#38b).
match (find_last_groupstart(insts[0:origin])) {
case let e: error => return e;
case let sz: size => { origin = sz; };
};
};
let rest: str = strings.iterstr(&iter);
// Hare's `parse_repetition(rest)?` (ha:374) — the D13
// match; the binding unwraps FIELD-WISE: a whole-struct
// assign from a match binding with tagged fields
// silently corrupts them (filed, ww-core #49). The
// rp_* locals are Hare's rep_parts.0/.1/.2 through the
// repparts respell (#47; see parse_repetition).
let rp_min: (void | size) = void;
let rp_max: (void | size) = void;
let rp_replen: size = 0;
match (parse_repetition(rest)) {
case let e: error => return e;
case let rp: repparts => {
rp_min = rp.min;
rp_max = rp.max;
rp_replen = rp.replen;
};
};
// ha:375 compares the tagged elem to 0 directly
// (`rep_parts.0 == 0`); no tagged==int compare in ww —
// the is/as respell (ruled, scope §9b).
let can_skip: bool = rp_min is size
&& rp_min as size == 0;
// ha:376-380's if-EXPRESSION min selection spells as a
// widen-assign into the tagged let.
let min: (void | size) = rp_min;
if (can_skip) {
min = (1: size);
};
if (can_skip) {
// len(insts) - 1 is the current last instruction
// len(insts) is the next instruction
// advance to len(insts) + 1 to make space for the `inst_split`
// advance to len(insts) + 2 to make space for the `inst_repeat`
//
// Hare evaluates the payload BEFORE the insert
// (ha:386-387); ww's insert() grows the dst
// before evaluating the value arg (filed,
// ww-core #50) — payload pre-bound, the
// '?'/'|' arm convention.
let split_target: size = (insts.len: size) + 2;
insert(insts[origin],
(split_target: inst_split));
shift(insts[origin + 1:]);
origin += 1;
};
let newinst: inst = inst_repeat {
id = n_reps,
origin = origin,
min = min,
max = rp_max,
};
// ha:397-400 — the bound is INCLUSIVE (`<=`), exactly
// as Hare; the discarded strings.next binds to a
// throwaway let (the handle_bracket skip precedent).
for (let i: size = 0; i <= rp_replen; i += 1) {
let skip: (rune | utf8.done) = strings.next(&iter);
r_idx += 1;
};
append(insts, newinst);
n_reps += 1;
};
case: // regex.ha:462-463
append(insts, (r: inst_lit));
};
was_prev_rune_pipe = (r == '|'); // regex.ha:465
r_idx += 1;
};
// handle whole expression alternation (regex.ha:470-473). Index
// loop + if+abort: the by-value range over an indexed element
// segfaults (#57) and the assert builtin is wwstage-broken (#58).
for (let k: size = 0; k < (jump_idxs[0].len: size); k += 1) {
let jump_idx: size = jump_idxs[0][k];
let cur: inst = insts[jump_idx];
if (!(cur is inst_jump)) {
abort("regex: alternation fixup: not a jump");
};
insts[jump_idx] = ((insts.len: size): inst_jump);
};
// regex.ha:475-477. `$` appends true: inst_match, so the guard
// sees real anchored programs now.
if (insts.len == 0 || !(insts[insts.len - 1] is inst_match)) {
append(insts, (false: inst_match));
};
// regex.ha:479-484.
return regex {
insts = insts,
charsets = charsets,
n_reps = n_reps,
};
};
// parse_repetition's Hare-verbatim return is the 3-tuple
// ((void | size), (void | size), size) (regex.ha:488); a tuple with
// tagged elements can't yet cross a union boundary in ww — cstage's
// return store into (tuple | error) is cgen-unwired
// (cg_widen_tagged_store) and wwstage's variant-match rejects the
// tuple case arm (filed, ww-core #47) — so the tuple respells as this
// private struct, positionally: .0 → min, .1 → max, .2 → replen.
// GRADUATION: when #47 closes, repparts reverts to the verbatim tuple
// with the test rows unchanged.
type repparts = struct {
min: (void | size),
max: (void | size),
replen: size,
};
// ref/hare/regex/regex.ha:486-545, whole. strings.index returns
// (i32 | void) in ww — the standing lib-wide str-index-i32 convention
// (lib/strings/strings.ww:54, #8) vs Hare's (size | void)
// (ref/hare/strings/index.ha:10) — so the index results stay i32
// INTERNALLY (the ha:499 comparison is same-domain) and each value
// widens explicitly at the boundary Hare types as size (the repparts
// field stores). ha:494 re-binds `first_endbrace` over itself; ww
// rejects a same-scope re-decl ("let redeclared"), so the unwrapped
// value is `feb`.
fn parse_repetition(s: str) (repparts | error) = {
let first_comma: (i32 | void) = strings.index(s, ",");
let first_endbrace: (i32 | void) = strings.index(s, "}");
if (first_endbrace is void) {
return "Repetition expression syntax error '{n}'": error;
};
let feb: i32 = first_endbrace as i32;
let min_str: str = "";
let max_str: str = "";
let is_single_arg: bool = false;
if (first_comma is void || feb < first_comma as i32) {
let cut: (str, str) = strings.cut(s, "}");
min_str = cut.0;
max_str = cut.0;
is_single_arg = true;
} else {
let cut: (str, str) = strings.cut(s, ",");
min_str = cut.0;
// Hare reads .0 straight off the call (ha:507); a tuple-elem
// read on a CALL result is loud-unsupported (filed, ww-core
// #48) — bound local first.
let cut2: (str, str) = strings.cut(cut.1, "}");
max_str = cut2.0;
};
let min: (void | size) = void;
let max: (void | size) = void;
if (min_str.len > 0) {
// Hare's match-EXPRESSION with if-yields (ha:514-525)
// spells as a statement match (no yield-expr; the search
// scanrune precedent, #51). stoi's base is explicit — ww
// has no default args (the newscanner precedent; cf
// lib/encoding/hex/hex.ww:131).
match (strconv.stoi(min_str, strconv.base.DEC)) {
case let res: int => {
if (res < 0) {
return "Negative repetition count '{-n}'": error;
};
min = (res: size);
};
case => return "Repetition expression syntax error '{n}'": error;
};
} else {
// `min = 0;` (ha:524): an untyped-int widen-store into
// (void | size) mis-tags (#33) — cast form pinned.
min = (0: size);
};
if (max_str.len > 0) {
match (strconv.stoi(max_str, strconv.base.DEC)) {
case let res: int => {
if (res < 0) {
return "Negative repetition count '{-n}'": error;
};
max = (res: size);
};
case => return "Repetition expression syntax error '{n}'": error;
};
};
// Hare's if-EXPRESSION (ha:539-544) spells as a statement.
let rep_len: size = (min_str.len: size);
if (!is_single_arg) {
rep_len = (min_str.len: size) + 1 + (max_str.len: size);
};
return repparts { min = min, max = max, replen = rep_len };
};
// ref/hare/regex/regex.ha:547-551, verbatim — both free()s are the
// documented no-op (#27; see finish()), kept for source parity. ww
// has no pointer auto-deref, so Hare's `threads[i]` spells
// `(*threads)[i]` (the test-804-pinned delete shape).
fn delete_thread(i: size, threads: *[]thread) void = {
free((*threads)[i].captures);
free((*threads)[i].rep_counters);
delete((*threads)[i]);
};
// ref/hare/regex/regex.ha:553-555. Hare's multi-type membership test
// `a is (inst_lit | inst_any | inst_charset)` is loud-rejected by
// design (filed as a Hare-parity task, ww-core #13); the ruled
// spelling is the chained ||.
fn is_consuming_inst(a: inst) bool = {
return a is inst_lit || a is inst_any || a is inst_charset;
};
// ref/hare/regex/regex.ha:557-587. The dedup scan (ha:560-566) is an
// index loop: ww has no by-ref `&..` range and a by-value range over
// `*threads` miscompiles (F1, ww-core #11). Hare's `append(...)?`
// nomem propagation and the ok/defer-if unwind (ha:568/573/586) drop
// together: ww append returns void (#36 filed) and free() reclaims
// nothing (#27), so there is nothing to propagate or unwind.
fn add_thread(threads: *[]thread, parent_idx: size, new_pc: size) (void | nomem) = {
// Do not add this thread if there is already another thread with
// the same PC
for (let k: size = 0; k < (len(*threads): size); k += 1) {
if ((*threads)[k].pc == new_pc
&& !(*threads)[k].matched
&& (*threads)[k].start_idx
< (*threads)[parent_idx].start_idx) {
return;
};
};
// Hare dups via `alloc(threads[parent_idx].captures...)?`
// (ha:568-573); the alloc-dup form has no ww spelling (D3) —
// fresh slice header + spread-append, the #35-landed deref-spine
// source. The ok/defer-if frees (ha:570/573) drop: free() is the
// documented no-op (#27; see finish()).
let captures: []capture;
append(captures, (*threads)[parent_idx].captures...);
let rep_counters: []size;
append(rep_counters, (*threads)[parent_idx].rep_counters...);
append(*threads, thread {
pc = new_pc,
start_idx = (*threads)[parent_idx].start_idx,
start_bytesize = (*threads)[parent_idx].start_bytesize,
matched = (*threads)[parent_idx].matched,
failed = (*threads)[parent_idx].failed,
captures = captures,
rep_counters = rep_counters,
...
});
return;
};
// ref/hare/regex/regex.ha:589-742. Every arm compile() can emit
// executes (skip + split + jump + match + groupstart + groupend +
// repeat non-consuming; lit + any + charset consuming — split/jump
// went live with fold 3's `|`/`?`/`*` arms, charset with fold 4's
// brackets, groupstart/groupend with fold 5a's `(`/`)`, repeat with
// fold 5b's `{`). The "unreachable" aborts on lit/any inside
// the non-consuming loop (ha:604-605) and the trailing default
// (ha:738) are Hare's own unreachable arms; Hare spells them bare
// `abort()`, ww carries a message — the zero-arg builtin form is
// shadowed in any combined unit that declares its own abort fn
// (os.ww:16 is private yet shadows cross-module; filed, ww-core
// #45). Hare's loop match omits inst_charset (consuming — the loop
// condition excludes it); ww has no match-exhaustiveness analysis,
// so the omission becomes the loud default arm.
fn run_thread(
i: size,
re: *regex,
string: str,
threads: *[]thread,
r_or_end: (rune | io.eof),
str_idx: size,
str_bytesize: size,
) (void | newmatch | nomem) = {
let str_bytes: []u8 = strings.toutf8(string);
if ((*threads)[i].matched) {
return;
};
for (!is_consuming_inst(re.insts[(*threads)[i].pc])) {
match (re.insts[(*threads)[i].pc]) {
case inst_lit => abort("regex: unreachable");
case inst_any => abort("regex: unreachable");
case let z: inst_split => { // regex.ha:606-609
let new_pc: size = (z: size);
add_thread(threads, i, new_pc)?;
(*threads)[i].pc += 1;
};
case let z: inst_jump => // regex.ha:610-611
(*threads)[i].pc = (z: size);
case inst_skip => {
let new_pc: size = (*threads)[i].pc + 1;
(*threads)[i].start_idx = str_idx;
(*threads)[i].start_bytesize = str_bytesize;
add_thread(threads, i, new_pc)?;
break;
};
case let anchored: inst_match => {
// Do not match if we need an end-anchored match, but we
// have not exhausted our string
//
// Hare spells `anchored` bare (ha:621) — alias
// transparency; ww named aliases are nominal in bool /
// comparison position, so this cast and the consuming
// arm's (lit: rune) are checker-required.
if ((anchored: bool) && !(r_or_end is io.eof)) {
(*threads)[i].failed = true;
return;
};
let content: str = strings.frombytes(str_bytes[
(*threads)[i].start_bytesize:str_bytesize]);
(*threads)[i].root_capture = capture {
start = (*threads)[i].start_idx,
start_bytesize = (*threads)[i].start_bytesize,
end = str_idx,
end_bytesize = str_bytesize,
content = content,
};
(*threads)[i].matched = true;
let nm: newmatch;
return nm;
};
case let gs: inst_groupstart => { // regex.ha:636-652
let idx: size = (gs: size);
// ha:637-641: Hare's 3-arg fill-append `append(...,
// [capture { ... }...], idx - len + 1)?` has no ww
// spelling — the ratified count-loop fill (cf the
// search epilogue's pad loop).
for (((*threads)[i].captures.len: size) < idx + 1) {
append((*threads)[i].captures, capture { ... });
};
assert((*threads)[i].captures[idx].end
!= types.SIZE_MAX);
(*threads)[i].captures[idx] = capture {
content = "",
start = str_idx,
start_bytesize = str_bytesize,
// end=types.SIZE_MAX indicates that the
// capture group hasn't ended yet
end = types.SIZE_MAX,
end_bytesize = types.SIZE_MAX,
};
(*threads)[i].pc += 1;
};
case inst_groupend => { // regex.ha:653-668
let curr_capture: size =
((*threads)[i].captures.len: size);
// ha:655's 2-clause `for (cond; post)` has no ww
// parse form (1- and 3-clause only) — the post-step
// moves to the body tail. Equivalent: break skips
// post in both, and the body has NO continue (which
// would run post in Hare but skip the inline tail).
for (curr_capture > 0) {
// find inner-most unclosed capture group
if ((*threads)[i].captures[curr_capture - 1].end
== types.SIZE_MAX) {
break;
};
curr_capture -= 1;
};
assert(curr_capture > 0, "Found a groupend token \")\" without having previously seen a groupstart token \"(\". Please report this as a bug");
// Hare's name shadows the capture TYPE — ww splits the
// type/value namespaces (#225), so it ports verbatim.
let capture = &(*threads)[i].captures[curr_capture - 1];
capture.end = str_idx;
capture.end_bytesize = str_bytesize;
capture.content = strings.frombytes(str_bytes[
capture.start_bytesize:capture.end_bytesize]);
(*threads)[i].pc += 1;
};
case let ir: inst_repeat => { // regex.ha:669-684
assert(ir.id < (len((*threads)[i].rep_counters): size));
(*threads)[i].rep_counters[ir.id] += 1;
if (ir.max is size
&& (*threads)[i].rep_counters[ir.id]
> ir.max as size) {
(*threads)[i].failed = true;
return;
};
let new_pc: size = (*threads)[i].pc + 1;
(*threads)[i].pc = ir.origin;
if (ir.min is void
|| (*threads)[i].rep_counters[ir.id]
>= ir.min as size) {
add_thread(threads, i, new_pc)?;
};
};
case => abort("regex: unreachable");
};
};
// From now on, we're only matching consuming instructions, and these
// can't do anything without another rune.
if (r_or_end is io.eof) {
(*threads)[i].failed = true;
return;
};
let r: rune = r_or_end as rune;
match (re.insts[(*threads)[i].pc]) {
case inst_skip => return;
case let lit: inst_lit => {
if (r != (lit: rune)) {
(*threads)[i].failed = true;
};
};
case inst_any => void;
case let cs: inst_charset => { // regex.ha:704-737
// 24B header bind off the ptr-field slice index. Spelled
// structurally, not `charset`: an alias-typed slice local's
// INDEX read mis-scales in wwstage (cs≠ww, ww-core #68) —
// reverts to the alias with the #47 family.
let cset: [](charset_lit_item | charset_range_item |
charset_class_item) = re.charsets[cs.idx];
// Disprove the match if we're looking for a negative match
// Prove the match if we're looking for a positive match
let matched: bool = !cs.is_positive;
// Hare loops `for (let i = 0z; ...) match (charset[i])`
// (ha:709) — index loop with the typed-let scrutinee bind
// (the run_thread spelling); Hare's inner `i` renames to k
// (it shadows the thread-index param).
for (let k: size = 0; k < (len(cset): size); k += 1) {
let cur: (charset_lit_item | charset_range_item |
charset_class_item) = cset[k];
match (cur) {
case let l: charset_lit_item => {
if (r == (l: rune)) {
// Succeeded if positive match
// Failed if negative match
matched = cs.is_positive;
break;
};
};
case let range: charset_range_item => {
let r_b: u32 = (r: u32);
if (r_b >= range.0 && r_b <= range.1) {
// Succeeded if positive match
// Failed if negative match
matched = cs.is_positive;
break;
};
};
case let class_item: charset_class_item => { // regex.ha:726-733
let classfn: *fn(c: rune) bool = class_item.1;
if ((*classfn)(r)) {
// Succeeded if positive match
// Failed if negative match
matched = cs.is_positive;
break;
};
};
};
};
if (!matched) {
(*threads)[i].failed = true;
};
};
case => abort("regex: unreachable"); // unreachable (ha:738)
};
(*threads)[i].pc += 1;
return;
};
// Attempts to match a regular expression against a string and returns
// either the longest leftmost match or all matches.
//
// ref/hare/regex/regex.ha:746-898. Hare's io::handle param is ww's
// io.stream (callers pass &strm.vt over a memio.fixed). The
// (void | []capture | nomem) signature keeps nomem for Hare API
// parity even though nothing in this fold can produce it: ww append
// returns void (#36 filed) and scanrune has no nomem member.
fn search(
re: *regex,
string: str,
h: io.stream,
need_captures: bool,
) (void | []capture | nomem) = {
// Hare builds the initial thread list with `alloc([thread {
// captures = [], ... }])?` (ha:752-754); ww has per-value alloc
// only, so the list is a bare decl plus one appended
// fully-defaulted thread (the `...` fill zeroes captures too).
let threads: []thread;
append(threads, thread { ... });
// Hare's defer-block cleanup (ha:755-761) is omitted: ww defer
// takes a single expression (cf compile()'s omitted `defer if`)
// and every free in the block is the documented no-op (#27).
// ha:763-765 prefills threads[0].rep_counters via
// `alloc([0...], re.n_reps)?` — the sized-fill alloc has no ww
// spelling (D3 family) and ww has no `z` size-literal suffix
// (cf lib/strconv/decimal.ww:13) — count-loop append of (0: size).
if (re.n_reps > 0) {
for (let k: size = 0; k < re.n_reps; k += 1) {
append(threads[0].rep_counters, (0: size));
};
};
let str_idx: size = 0;
// Hare writes `= void` (ha:768); a ww bare tagged decl zeroes
// the tag, which IS the void member here (PC4-pinned).
let first_match_idx: (void | size);
let str_bytesize: size = 0;
let last_bytesize: size = 0;
// ww has no default arguments: Hare's newscanner(handle) maxread
// default spells types.I32_MAX explicitly (lib/bufio/bufio.ww).
let scan: bufio.scanner = bufio.newscanner(h, types.I32_MAX);
defer bufio.finish(&scan);
for (true) {
str_bytesize += last_bytesize;
if (len(threads) == 0) {
return;
};
let all_matched: bool = true;
for (let i: size = 0; i < (len(threads): size); i += 1) {
if (!threads[i].matched) {
all_matched = false;
break;
};
};
if (all_matched) {
let best_len: size = 0;
let best_n_captures: size = 0;
let best_idx: size = 0;
for (let i: size = 0; i < (len(threads): size); i += 1) {
let match_len: size =
threads[i].root_capture.end
- threads[i].root_capture.start;
let is_better: bool = match_len > best_len
|| match_len == best_len
&& (len(threads[i].captures): size)
> best_n_captures;
if (is_better) {
best_len = match_len;
best_idx = i;
best_n_captures =
(len(threads[i].captures): size);
};
};
// length = number of captures (index of final group +
// 1) + root capture
let length: size = 1;
for (let i: size = (len(re.insts): size); i > 0; i -= 1) {
// match-on-indexed scrutinee binds through a
// typed let (the run_thread spelling).
let cur: inst = re.insts[i - 1];
match (cur) {
case let z: inst_groupstart => {
length = (z: size) + 2;
break;
};
case => void;
};
};
// Hare types this `result` with a capacity hint
// (ha:818). A named-alias local trips the #20/#38
// alias-value family, so the internal spelling is the
// structural twin []capture (reverts with ww-core
// #47); the capacity hint drops with per-value alloc.
let res: []capture;
append(res, threads[best_idx].root_capture);
// ha:820 — Hare's `static append` (capacity-bounded)
// is a plain append (D6, no static form); the indexed
// spread source is the #35/#25-landed shape.
append(res, threads[best_idx].captures...);
// ha:821-824's sized fill-append `[capture { ... }...]`
// has no ww spelling — the ratified count-loop fill
// pads the unset trailing groups.
for (length != (len(res): size)) {
append(res, capture { ... });
};
return res;
};
// ww scanrune has no nomem member, so Hare's `case nomem =>
// return nomem;` (ha:831-832) drops; the multi-type arms
// (ha:829/833) split per member (the #13 membership-test
// gap); the aborts carry messages (the #45 builtin-shadow
// dodge, cf run_thread). Statement match assigning into the
// declared local, not Hare's expression match: the cstage
// checker types a match-expr by its first arm's yield and
// rejects the io.eof arm against rune — wwstage accepts the
// expression form, a cs≠ww divergence (filed, ww-core #51;
// repro scratch/r51.ww).
let r_or_end: (rune | io.eof);
match (bufio.scanrune(&scan)) {
case let r: rune => { r_or_end = r; };
case io.eof => {
let e: io.eof;
r_or_end = e;
};
case let e: io.error => abort("regex: scanrune io error");
case utf8.invalid => abort("regex: scanrune invalid utf8");
};
if (r_or_end is rune) {
last_bytesize = (utf8.runesz(r_or_end as rune): size);
};
for (let i: size = 0; i < (len(threads): size); i += 1) {
// Hare itself binds run_thread without `?` (ha:841) —
// its nomem drops on the floor here too.
let res: (void | newmatch | nomem) = run_thread(i, re,
string, &threads, r_or_end, str_idx,
str_bytesize);
let matchlen: size = threads[i].root_capture.end
- threads[i].root_capture.start;
if (res is newmatch && matchlen > 0 && !need_captures) {
// `return [];` (ha:845) — the empty-slice
// literal in return position has no ww spelling
// (#25/#31 ruling); a zero header is a valid
// empty result.
let none: []capture;
return none;
};
let is_better: bool = res is newmatch && matchlen > 0
&& (first_match_idx is void
|| threads[i].start_idx
< first_match_idx as size);
if (is_better) {
first_match_idx = threads[i].start_idx;
};
};
str_idx += 1;
// When we only want the leftmost match, delete all threads
// that start after the earliest non-zero-length matched
// thread. (ww has no by-ref `&..` range — index loop, the
// add_thread divergence.)
if (first_match_idx is size) {
for (let k: size = 0; k < (len(threads): size); k += 1) {
if (threads[k].start_idx
> first_match_idx as size) {
threads[k].failed = true;
};
};
};
// Delete threads that have a PC that has already been
// encountered in previous threads. Prioritise threads that
// have an earlier start_idx, and threads that were added
// earlier. Hare names these counters i/j (ha:872); they are
// di/dj here because the wwstage checker resolves the inner
// init's `i + 1` against a dead same-name `let i: size`
// sibling scope and rejects size → i64 (cs≠ww, filed
// ww-core #52).
for (let di: i64 = 0; di < (len(threads): i64) - 1; di += 1) {
for (let dj: i64 = di + 1; dj < (len(threads): i64); dj += 1) {
let same_pc: bool =
threads[di].pc == threads[dj].pc;
let none_matched: bool = !threads[dj].matched
&& !threads[di].matched;
if (same_pc && none_matched) {
if (threads[di].start_idx
<= threads[dj].start_idx) {
delete_thread((dj: size), &threads);
dj -= 1;
} else {
delete_thread((di: size), &threads);
di -= 1;
break;
};
};
};
};
for (let i: size = 0; i < (len(threads): size); i += 1) {
if (threads[i].failed) {
delete_thread(i, &threads);
i -= 1;
};
};
};
};
// Returns whether or not a [[regex]] matches any part of a given
// string.
//
// ref/hare/regex/regex.ha:900-904. Hare's io::handle arg `&strm` is
// the landed memio→io cast `&strm.vt`. Hare unwraps with
// `search(...)? is []capture` — a |success|=2 union; ww's `?` is
// gated to single-success unions (the C6 interim, ww-core #14), so
// the propagation is spelled as the explicit match harec lowers `?`
// into (ref/harec/src/check.c:2780) — the ratified D13 spelling,
// reverts with #14.
export fn test(re: *regex, string: str) (bool | nomem) = {
let strm: memio.stream = memio.fixed(strings.toutf8(string));
let r: (void | []capture | nomem) =
search(re, string, &strm.vt, false);
match (r) {
case let m: []capture => return true;
case void => return false;
case let n: nomem => return n;
};
};
// Attempts to match a [[regex]] against a string and returns the
// longest leftmost match as a [[result]]. The caller must free the
// return value with [[result_free]].
//
// ref/hare/regex/regex.ha:907-918. Same explicit `?` lowering as
// test() (D13, ww-core #14); the no-match `return [];` (ha:916)
// binds a zero header first (#25/#31 ruling) — a valid empty result
// the caller still result_frees.
export fn find(re: *regex, string: str) (result | nomem) = {
let strm: memio.stream = memio.fixed(strings.toutf8(string));
let r: (void | []capture | nomem) =
search(re, string, &strm.vt, true);
match (r) {
case let m: []capture => return m;
case void => {
let empty: []capture;
return empty;
};
case let n: nomem => return n;
};
};
// Attempts to match a [[regex]] against a string and returns all
// non-overlapping matches as a slice of [[result]]s. The caller must
// free the return value with [[result_freeall]].
//
// ref/hare/regex/regex.ha:920-960. Hare's ok-flag + `defer if (!ok)
// result_freeall(res)` (ha:924-926) is omitted: the flag's only use
// is the defer-if, ww defer takes a single expression, and the frees
// are the documented no-op (#27) — compile()'s omitted `defer if`
// precedent. The `search(...)?` unwrap (ha:933) is the same explicit
// D13 lowering as test()/find() (ww-core #14); the nomem arm
// propagates verbatim.
export fn findall(re: *regex, string: str) ([]result | nomem) = {
let res: []result;
let str_idx: size = 0;
let str_bytesize: size = 0;
let strm: memio.stream = memio.fixed(strings.toutf8(string));
let str_bytes: []u8 = strings.toutf8(string);
for (true) {
let substring: str =
strings.frombytes(str_bytes[str_bytesize:]);
let r: (void | []capture | nomem) =
search(re, substring, &strm.vt, true);
match (r) {
case let m: []capture => {
// Hare appends m and THEN fixes m[0] up from
// substring- to whole-string-relative (ha:935-939):
// the appended header shares m's backing, so the
// mutations below are visible through res. Kept
// verbatim — the aliasing is the subtle bit.
append(res, m);
m[0].start += str_idx;
m[0].end += str_idx;
m[0].start_bytesize += str_bytesize;
m[0].end_bytesize += str_bytesize;
str_idx = m[0].end;
str_bytesize = m[0].end_bytesize;
if (m[0].start_bytesize == (len(str_bytes): size)) {
// end-of-string reached
break;
};
if (m[0].start_bytesize == m[0].end_bytesize) {
// zero-length match: forward rune and byte
// indices (ha:946-952 — the guard against
// the classic findall infinite loop)
str_idx += 1;
str_bytesize += (utf8.utf8sz(
str_bytes[str_bytesize])!: size);
};
// ha:953-954: each search call's scanner buffers
// past what scanrune consumed; the absolute SET
// repositions the underlying stream before the
// next call builds a fresh scanner.
io.seek(&strm.vt, (str_bytesize: io.off),
io.whence.SET)!;
};
case void => break;
case let n: nomem => return n;
};
};
return res;
};
// Frees a [[result]].
//
// ref/hare/regex/regex.ha:1113-1116, verbatim — the free() builtin is
// the documented no-op (#27; see finish()).
export fn result_free(s: result) void = {
free(s);
};
// Frees a slice of [[result]]s.
//
// ref/hare/regex/regex.ha:1119-1124, verbatim — both frees are the
// documented no-op (#27).
export fn result_freeall(s: []result) void = {
for (let r .. s) {
result_free(r);
};
free(s);
};
// Converts an [[error]] into a user-friendly string.
//
// ref/hare/regex/regex.ha:1126-1127 (expression-bodied in Hare; ww
// fns take block bodies).
export fn strerror(err: error) str = {
return err;
};