wcc: nullable pointer folding for (*T | void)

A tagged union with exactly one `*T` variant and one `void` variant
collapses to a single 8-byte pointer slot, where the null bit
pattern is the void variant and any non-null is the *T variant.
Mirrors Hare's `(*T | null)` ABI optimisation.

Detected in resolve_type when the post-flatten variant list has
exactly two entries of the right shape; Type.nullable = 1 and
size = 8. Codegen branches every tagged-handling site on the flag:

- match: discriminator = pointer-vs-zero, not slot+0 tag word.
  Binding for the *T case copies the same word (the pointer itself)
  rather than slot+8.
- is/as: same ptr-vs-zero discriminator.
- ?: null = error (propagate AX=0 to caller's matching null
  encoding); non-null = success (AX is already the pointer).
- !: null aborts; non-null falls through with AX = pointer.
- let-init / return: spill or set just AX (no tag/value pair).
- call-arg push: push only AX, not the now-unused DX/CX.

Prologue spill already pulled size/8 = 1 arg register via the
existing tagged-arg loop, so no change needed there.

Two existing helpers in cgen.c get nullable-aware spelling:
type_isnullable() and nullable_ptr_tag() (which variant index is
the *T side; the void side is the other one).

The Hare-style `(*T | null)` spelling isn't supported — `null` is
not a type keyword in ww. Callers use `void` instead, which is
already a real type. The result is the same bit-level layout.
This commit is contained in:
2026-05-12 02:53:47 +09:00
parent dc8405429e
commit f4efaac144
5 changed files with 262 additions and 42 deletions

View File

@@ -145,6 +145,10 @@ static const struct row rows[] = {
"fn parse() (invalid | i64 | overflow) = { return 0i64; }; "
"fn caller() i32 = { let v: i64 = parse()?; return v: i32; };",
"enclosing function must return a tagged union" },
/* nullable pointer folding accepts `(*T | void)` */
{ "fn lookup(p: *i32) (*i32 | void) = { return p; };", "ok" },
{ "fn lookup() (*i32 | void) = { return; };", "ok" }, /* bare return → null */
};
int

View File

@@ -538,6 +538,44 @@ static const struct row rows[] = {
" };\n"
" return 0;\n"
"};", 3 },
/* Nullable pointer folding: `(*T | void)` is one 8-byte word
* where null = void variant. match/is/as/?/! all key off the
* pointer-vs-null discriminator instead of a separate tag. */
{ "fn lookup(p: *i32, b: bool) (*i32 | void) = {\n"
" if (b) { return p; };\n"
" return;\n"
"};\n"
"fn use_arg(r: (*i32 | void)) i32 = {\n"
" match (r) {\n"
" case let q: *i32 => return *q;\n"
" case void => return 99;\n"
" };\n"
" return 0;\n"
"};\n"
"fn main() i32 = {\n"
" let x: i32 = 42;\n"
" let ok: i32 = use_arg(lookup(&x, true));\n"
" let no: i32 = use_arg(lookup(&x, false));\n"
" if (ok != 42) { return 1; };\n"
" if (no != 99) { return 2; };\n"
" return 7;\n"
"};", 7 },
/* Nullable with is/as: discriminator is ptr-vs-null. */
{ "fn lookup(p: *i32, b: bool) (*i32 | void) = {\n"
" if (b) { return p; };\n"
" return;\n"
"};\n"
"fn main() i32 = {\n"
" let x: i32 = 42;\n"
" let r1: (*i32 | void) = lookup(&x, true);\n"
" let r2: (*i32 | void) = lookup(&x, false);\n"
" let acc: i32 = 0;\n"
" if (r1 is *i32) { acc += 1; };\n"
" if (r2 is void) { acc += 2; };\n"
" let p: *i32 = r1 as *i32;\n"
" if (*p == 42) { acc += 4; };\n"
" return acc;\n"
"};", 7 },
/* `!`-flagged error variants: success picked by absence of `!`,
* errors picked by presence. Tag remap still works across
* different variant orders between operand and enclosing fn. */