diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 533e91d7..75872347 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -133,6 +133,7 @@ $(BIN)/wwdump_ww: selfhost/cmd/wwdump/main.ww \
 		$(LIB)/libwwrt.a | $(BIN)
 	@mkdir -p $(BIN)/wwdump_ww.d
 	cd $(BIN)/wwdump_ww.d && $(CURDIR)/$(BIN)/ww build \
+		-o main \
 		-I $(CURDIR)/lib/ww \
 		-I $(CURDIR)/selfhost/cmd/wcc \
 		$(CURDIR)/selfhost/cmd/wwdump/main.ww
@@ -153,6 +154,7 @@ $(BIN)/w6c_ww: selfhost/cmd/w6c/main.ww \
 		$(LIB)/libwwrt.a | $(BIN)
 	@mkdir -p $(BIN)/w6c_ww.d
 	cd $(BIN)/w6c_ww.d && $(CURDIR)/$(BIN)/ww build \
+		-o main \
 		-I $(CURDIR)/lib/ww \
 		-I $(CURDIR)/selfhost/cmd/wcc \
 		$(CURDIR)/selfhost/cmd/w6c/main.ww
@@ -170,6 +172,7 @@ $(BIN)/w6a_ww: selfhost/cmd/w6a/main.ww selfhost/cmd/w6a/opcodes.ww \
 		$(LIB)/libwwrt.a | $(BIN)
 	@mkdir -p $(BIN)/w6a_ww.d
 	cd $(BIN)/w6a_ww.d && $(CURDIR)/$(BIN)/ww build \
+		-o main \
 		-I $(CURDIR)/selfhost/cmd/w6a \
 		$(CURDIR)/selfhost/cmd/w6a/main.ww
 	mv $(BIN)/w6a_ww.d/main $@
@@ -187,6 +190,7 @@ $(BIN)/w6l_ww: selfhost/cmd/w6l/main.ww selfhost/cmd/w6l/sym.ww \
 		$(LIB)/libwwrt.a | $(BIN)
 	@mkdir -p $(BIN)/w6l_ww.d
 	cd $(BIN)/w6l_ww.d && $(CURDIR)/$(BIN)/ww build \
+		-o main \
 		-I $(CURDIR)/selfhost/cmd/w6l \
 		$(CURDIR)/selfhost/cmd/w6l/main.ww
 	mv $(BIN)/w6l_ww.d/main $@
@@ -201,6 +205,7 @@ $(BIN)/ww_ww: selfhost/cmd/ww/main.ww lib/os/os.ww lib/rt/malloc.ww \
 		$(LIB)/libwwrt.a | $(BIN)
 	@mkdir -p $(BIN)/ww_ww.d
 	cd $(BIN)/ww_ww.d && $(CURDIR)/$(BIN)/ww build \
+		-o main \
 		$(CURDIR)/selfhost/cmd/ww/main.ww
 	mv $(BIN)/ww_ww.d/main $@
 
@@ -3503,17 +3508,17 @@ nocc:
 	@# The driver's default lib path is $self_dir/../../lib — under
 	@# $(NOCC_BIN) that resolves to $(NOCC_OUT)/lib (libwwrt only).
 	@# Pass -I $(CURDIR)/lib so `use os` etc. resolve to source.
-	@cd $(NOCC_BIN) && ./ww build \
+	@cd $(NOCC_BIN) && ./ww build -o main \
 		-I $(CURDIR)/lib/ww \
 		-I $(CURDIR)/selfhost/cmd/wcc \
 		-I $(CURDIR)/lib $(CURDIR)/selfhost/cmd/w6c/main.ww && mv main w6c_ww1
-	@cd $(NOCC_BIN) && ./ww build -I $(CURDIR)/selfhost/cmd/w6a \
+	@cd $(NOCC_BIN) && ./ww build -o main -I $(CURDIR)/selfhost/cmd/w6a \
 		-I $(CURDIR)/selfhost/cmd/wcc -I $(CURDIR)/lib \
 		$(CURDIR)/selfhost/cmd/w6a/main.ww && mv main w6a_ww1
-	@cd $(NOCC_BIN) && ./ww build -I $(CURDIR)/selfhost/cmd/w6l \
+	@cd $(NOCC_BIN) && ./ww build -o main -I $(CURDIR)/selfhost/cmd/w6l \
 		-I $(CURDIR)/selfhost/cmd/wcc -I $(CURDIR)/lib \
 		$(CURDIR)/selfhost/cmd/w6l/main.ww && mv main w6l_ww1
-	@cd $(NOCC_BIN) && ./ww build -I $(CURDIR)/selfhost/cmd/wcc \
+	@cd $(NOCC_BIN) && ./ww build -o main -I $(CURDIR)/selfhost/cmd/wcc \
 		-I $(CURDIR)/lib $(CURDIR)/selfhost/cmd/ww/main.ww && mv main ww_ww1
 	@echo "=== fixed-point gates: rebuilt tools == stage-0 binaries? ==="
 	@cmp $(NOCC_BIN)/w6c_ww1 $(STAGE0)/w6c && echo "  w6c ✓"